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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Directed evolution ： ウィキペディア英語版 Directed evolution Directed evolution (DE) is a method used in protein engineering that mimics the process of natural selection to evolve proteins or nucleic acids toward a user-defined goal.〔(Stephen Lutz, Beyond directed evolution - semi-rational protein engineering and design, Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2010 December ; 21(6): 734–743. )〕 It consists of subjecting a gene to iterative rounds of mutagenesis (creating a library of variants), selection (expressing the variants and isolating members with the desired function), and amplification (generating a template for the next round). It can be performed ''in vivo ''(in living cells), or ''in vitro'' (free in solution or microdroplet). Directed evolution is used both for protein engineering as an alternative to rationally designing modified proteins, as well as studies of fundamental evolutionary principles in a controlled, laboratory environment. ==Principles== Directed evolution is a mimic of the natural evolution cycle in a laboratory setting. Evolution requires three things to occur: variation between replicators, that the variation causes fitness differences upon which selection acts, and that this variation is heritable. In DE, a single gene is evolved by iterative rounds of mutagenesis, selection or screening, and amplification. Rounds of these steps are typically repeated, using the best variant from one round as the template for the next to achieve stepwise improvements. The likelihood of success in a directed evolution experiment is directly related to the total library size, as evaluating more mutants increases the chances of finding one with the desired properties. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Directed evolution」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.